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Paddy field is generally subjected to many cycles of alternative flooding and drying (AFD) during rice growing. The AFD cycles can create a large variation in soil structure that subsequently affects soil water and nutrient retention and migration. This study aimed to investigate the temporal change in soil shrinkage behaviour and to evaluate its consequences on water percolation in two paddy fields...
Extensive measurements of soil surface (including vegetation cover) CO 2 efflux were carried out on 80 positions at four different forest sites (Sweden, Germany, Czech Republic and Italy) using a closed dynamic chamber technique. The period of measurement was 4–5 consecutive days per site. Two approaches were used to analyze the measured data, the Q 10 parameter and the Arrhenius relationship...
Carbonate-rich mine tailings are exposed to severe erosion and dispersion in Mediterranean climates. In Jalta mining area, the dispersion of particles that contain (Pb, Zn and Cd) results in the contamination of the surrounding agricultural soils. These soils have high concentrations of Pb (17,229mg/kg), Zn (4813mg/kg) and Cd (42mg/kg). Mobilization of heavy metal rich particles from mining waste...
The purpose of this research was to characterize and interpret the coarse basal zones that are common in thin loess deposits that overlie coarser-textured sediment. To that end, we sampled nine pedons in northeastern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, each of which had formed in thin (≤55cm) loess over sandy glacial sediment. At most of these sites, the loess became noticeably coarser...
This paper discusses the application of taxonomic distance calculations for the correlation of soil units from different soil classification systems.Conceptual and centroid-based methods were tested on the brown forest soil types of the Hungarian Soil Classification System, correlated with the Reference Soil Groups of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. The results of the distance calculations...
Persistence of subsoil compaction was investigated in a field experiment in southern Sweden. The investigation compared two treatments (control and compaction by four passes track-by-track), 14years after the experimental traffic. The compaction experiment was carried out in 1995 with a 6-row sugar beet harvester with a wheel load of c. 10.4Mg. Investigations included penetration resistance, bulk...
As plants are major contributors to soil organic matter (OM), the chemical composition of plant tissues entering the soil should be related to the soil OM composition. We examined the OM composition of maize leaves, stems, and roots, to determine if differences in plant tissue composition altered the soil OM composition during a 36-week degradation experiment. Lignin phenols were measured by gas chromatography/mass...
Eutrophication caused by phosphorus (P) rich leachate from sandy soils has been one of the major agro-environmental issues in the world. In predicting P bioavailability in soils, P reactivity in soil clay fractions (e.g., iron oxyhydroxides) has been a major focus of soil chemistry research in the past. However, the role of sand fraction has been rarely investigated to accurately understand the retention...
The fate of heavy metals in the environment is largely controlled by sorption reactions. In the current study, sorption of Ni, Cd, Zn and Cu to distinctive silicate clay minerals that occur primarily in arid and semiarid regions, namely palygorskite and sepiolite, was assessed in multi-metal batch experiments. The results confirmed that competitive sorption pattern of Ni, Cd, Zn and Cu on the minerals...
Water capture and precipitation use efficiency are of great importance in dryland cropping systems because the world's dependence on food produced in dryland areas continues to increase. Growing season evapotranspiration potential greatly exceeds growing season precipitation rates in dryland areas, creating a water deficit for crops. Management practices that positively impact soil physical properties...
Soil legacy data are basic input data for digital soil mapping. Any monitoring of global soil change cannot be successful unless soil data availability and characterization at the national level are well understood. Spatial data infrastructure frequently hampers many developing countries to take advantage of their soil legacy data for digital soil mapping at the national and regional level. While...
The spatial sets of soil profiles that have been collected for these past 70years over the world constitute a major source of soil information that are indispensable for operational applications of Digital Soil Mapping. However, significant biases between soil profile datasets issued from different soil surveys could occur because of differences in survey methods (field data collection, laboratory...
The relationships of erosion-induced displaced soil organic carbon (SOC) to discharged 210 Pb ex and 137 Cs in a hillslope forested area were investigated using runoff plots in three different forest types. A significant correlation was found between the displaced SOC and the radionuclides in each examined forest type. Compared with 137 Cs, however, the discharge of...
Most rangelands in temperate semiarid steppes have degraded due to over-grazing. However, the exchanges of greenhouse gases (GHG) between the degraded steppes have been poorly studied. In this study we investigated the fluxes of methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as ecosystem respiration during the growing season and their responses to simulated...
The least limiting water range (LLWR) integrates crop growth-limiting values based on easily measurable parameters such as soil water content and bulk density (BD) and has been validated as a valuable soil physical quality indicator for a wide range of soils, crops and management systems. When the LLWR is zero, the soil achieves the critical bulk density value (BDc). Another methodology to assess...
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the geographical distribution of pH values in Danish soils of different ages representing the main Saalian and Weichselian ice advances. The investigation is based on soil sampling from top- and subsoils in soil profiles located in a nationwide 7-km grid. The data have been analysed using statistical spatial analysis methods, and a model has been erected...
Soil management may affect C and N dynamics in soils, but the underlying processes are not well understood. Our objective was to quantify the impact of different tillage treatments on the amount and distribution of free and occluded light fractions (fLF and oLF, respectively), on the water-stable macro-aggregate (>250μm) contents, and on organic carbon (C org ) storage. Four long-term tillage...
Modeling the geochemical behaviour of metals in spoil materials is prerequisite to the rehabilitation of lateritic nickel mining sites to avoid environmental contamination. The global aim of this work was to assess the different parameters controlling the release of Ni and other trace metals (Co, Cu, Cr and Mn) from model materials generated by mining activities in nickeliferous laterites from Goaís...
Farmers in some parts of Sweden have problems achieving quality assurance certification for their products due to frequently excessive cadmium (Cd) concentrations in wheat grain. Such problems are most frequent in areas where soils are affected by sedimentary rock containing alum shale. In this study we used aerial and ground-based gamma radiometry to assess Cd risk in food production at regional...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of heavy metal soil pollution in one of the cradles of industry in China, the Tiexi Industrial District in the city of Shenyang, Ninety-three soil samples were collected from the top 15cm of the soil layer and were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mn, Cd, As and Hg. The data reveal a remarkable variation in heavy...
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